b'Chapter hapterFor a patient over 5 years of ageWhile waiting for Ambulance:Immerse in cold water (whole body from the neck down) - a bath if possible and as cold aspossible for 15 minutes. This is the most effective method of cooling.If this is not available, apply a combination of the following:Wet the person with cold or cool water (under a shower if safe, or with a hose / other water source)Apply ice packs (groin, armpits, facial cheeks, palms and soles).Repeatedly moisten the skin with a moist cloth or spray.Fan continuously.Heat ExhaustionHeat exhaustion is caused through over exposure to a hot environment particularly after prolonged strenuous exercise, excessive sweating with inadequate fluid intake and insufficient shade. It often happens to people who are unaccustomed to a hot, humid environment. People in a hot environment who are unwell and suffering from vomiting and diarrhoea are also at risk of developing heat exhaustion.How to RecogniseProfuse sweating with cool, pale, moist skin.Headache, dizziness, confusion, fatigue.I ncreased muscle cramps in the arms, legs or the abdomen.Loss of appetite.Nausea and sometimes vomiting.Rapid, weakening pulse.How to ManageHave the patient rest or lay down in a cool place. Loosen and / or remove any tight or restrictive clothing.Give sips of cool water if conscious and not nauseous. Should nausea prevent re-hydration and shock isnoticeably present, or if not improving quickly call Ambulance 000.Fan the patient to help stay cool.A doctor should assess the patient.If condition worsens or the patient becomes unconscious:Place the patient into the recovery position and closely monitor patient for response, airway,normal breathing while waiting for Ambulance.Be prepared to resuscitate. Heat and Cold Emergency 135'