b'Heart ConditionsChapter hapterThe heart is a muscle that functions like a pump and is about the size of your fist. The coronary arteries supply the heart muscle (myocardium) with oxygenated blood. Should a coronary artery become partially or completely blocked, the patient will develop a heart condition.Coronary ArteryNormalAnginaHeart AttackUnblockedPartially BlockedCompletely BlockedAnginaAngina is chest pain caused by lack of oxygen to the heart. The coronary arteries become partially blocked (narrowed) and blood flow is reduced. Intermittent chest pain occurs particularly upon exertion because the supply of oxygen to the heart muscle does not meet the demand.Angina literally means, choking in the chest. The pain is normally relieved by rest or with prescribed medication such as anti-anginal pain relief spray, tablet or chest patch. This medication will dilate (widen) the artery vessels allowing more oxygenated blood to the heart. The medication will also reduce blood pressure thereby helping to reduce the load on the heart.How to Recognise Gradual, increasing chest pain or discomfort especially upon physical exercise or exertion.Chest pain can be intermittent.Shortness of breath and anxiety.Weakness and fatigue.Angina can also occur suddenly without warning and while at rest.How to ManageHave the patient rest in a comfortable position, preferably sitting and leaning forward.Loosen any tight or restrictive clothing to help breathing. Discourage any physical activity or unnecessary movement.You may help the patient with their prescribed medication (Anginine Tablets/Spray), wait fiveminutes after each dose.Closely monitor their progress. If pain or discomfort persists or is generally unrelieved for 10 minutes, suspect heart attack andcall Ambulance 000.Administer aspirin (300mg) if available.Medical Emergencies 195'